Kaon Chain Consensus (dPoS)
Kaon Chain employs a Delegated Proof of Stake (dPoS) consensus mechanism, a Bitcoin-family consensus model based on stakes and delegates. This forms a two-level network comprising Master Nodes, Validators, and other nodes. Our implementation extends the traditional model to manage whitelists for BFT consensus.
Epochs and Super-Cycles:
An Epoch consists of 80 blocks (this number is subject to change).
Kaon uses Epochs and super-cycles to structure its blockchain operations.
Master Nodes and Validator Candidates:
Master Nodes can apply to become Validator Candidates starting from block 0 of the Epoch up to block 69.
From block 70 to block 80, current Validators vote for Validator Candidates for the next round of validators.
A Validator cannot apply to be a Validator Candidate and cannot be voted for during the Public Vote step.
Validator Rotation:
At the end of each Epoch, there is a rotation of validators.
Old validators are removed from the Validators Pool.
New Validators are randomly selected from the top-voted candidates of the Voting step.
Reward Distribution:
The consensus mechanism is responsible for distributing rewards.
The reward for a block consists of two parts:
A base part, which depends on the block height (Kaon has a modified halving algorithm).
The cumulative spent gas of all transactions included in the block.
Recipients of Rewards:
The Validator who proposed the accepted block.
Master Nodes that voted by placing their stakes on the block.
30% of the reward is allocated to the Treasury.
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